Precast reinforced concrete flights of stairs: typical solutions

Precast reinforced concrete flights are an effective and long-lasting solution for building staircases. Because these staircases are constructed in a controlled environment and are prefabricated off-site, their construction is of the highest caliber. Because of their strength and longevity, precast concrete stairs are a great choice for a variety of applications, including both commercial and residential buildings.

The quick installation of precast reinforced concrete stairs is one of its main benefits. The stairs can be delivered and installed quickly because they are manufactured off-site, which reduces the amount of time and disruption associated with on-site construction. This effectiveness lets other construction activities go forward without interruption, which is especially helpful in projects where time is of the essence.

Precast concrete stairs also have the advantage of being highly customizable. They can be altered to meet particular design specifications and architectural requirements. Precast concrete can be moulded and shaped to create any shape you require, including helical designs, curved stairs, and straight flights of stairs. Because of their adaptability, they are a top option for designers and architects who want to accomplish both structural integrity and visual appeal.

Because of the inherent qualities of concrete, precast reinforced concrete stairs are exceptionally durable. Because of their resistance to weathering, fire, and water, they have a long lifespan and require little upkeep. Because of their durability, they can be used both indoors and outdoors and offer dependable performance in a range of environmental circumstances.

Precast concrete stairs are becoming more and more popular due to their cost-effectiveness. The overall savings in construction time and labor often outweigh the higher initial manufacturing costs compared to traditional on-site poured concrete. Moreover, fewer scaffolding and formwork pieces required on-site may result in lower project expenses overall.

Precast reinforced concrete flights are a compelling option for builders and developers looking for stout, effective, and aesthetically pleasing staircase solutions. They are a flexible option for a variety of construction projects due to their strength, durability, and design flexibility, which guarantees dependable performance and long-lasting quality.

Type	Description
Straight Flight	A straightforward design with no turns or landings, ideal for spaces where a direct route is needed.
L-Shaped Flight	Includes a 90-degree turn, often used to change direction while saving space.
U-Shaped Flight	Features two parallel flights with a landing in between, useful for creating a more compact stairway.
Spiral Flight	Curved design that winds around a central point, suitable for tight spaces and creating a visually appealing feature.
Half-Turn Flight	Includes a 180-degree turn, typically used where a change in direction is necessary within the available space.

Types of design solutions

There are both large and small components that go into making a staircase.

Table displays the most popular options:

Classification and marking of products

Every component, platform, and tread has its own marking, per GOST 9818-2015.

• Without frieze steps, flat – LM;
• With frieze steps, ribbed – LMF;
• With one or two half-landings, ribbed – LMP.

• Flat, respectively suitable for LM – 1LP;
• Ribbed, but also for LM – 2LP;
• Ribbed, for LMF – LPF;
• Ribbed, for LMP – LPP.

Surface treads can be identified:

• For placement on lower steps – 1LN;
• For laying in the upper positions – 2LN.

Note: Actions must be taken in accordance with GOST 8717-2016’s technical specifications.

The design load indicator (the number 4 indicates a load of 360 kgf/m2 for residential premises, and the number 5 – a load of 480 kgf/m2 for industrial and other high-intensity use) is shown after the type of flight and its length, width, and height of the span.

At the conclusion, there might be additional designations as well:

• Concrete type.
• If the element is made of heavy concrete, no additional designation is introduced;
• L – for products made of lightweight structural concrete (with a density of 1600-2000 kg/m3).

• Surface type.
• If it is smooth concrete, no additional designation is introduced;
• Ш – polished mosaic surface;
• К – faced with ceramic tiles.

• For LMP (flights with landings), the following are designated by numbers:
• 1 – with an upper half-landing;
• 2 – with a lower half-landing;
• 3 – without a lower landing.

• For the design features of the landings, an additional designation is introduced with the following lowercase letters:
• k – there are support consoles;
• m – with openings for a garbage chute;
• у – with support reinforcement.

• For landings and steps:
• in – means the location of the element at the top of the span, the upper platform or the upper step.

Examples of markings

• LM27.12.14-4L means a flat flight without frieze steps, length 2.7 m, width 1.2 m, span height 1.4 m, designed for loads of 360 kgf/m2, made of lightweight dense structural concrete.

Important note: the length shown on stairs without a bottom landing corresponds to that of the given brand (i.e., with both half-courts).

• LPF 25.10-5-kK – ribbed platform (for LMF), 2.5 m long, 0.99 m wide, under a load of 480 kgf/m2, with consoles and ceramic lining.

Technical documentation

GOST 9818-2015 (effective in 2016 as a replacement for GOST 9818-85) is the primary regulatory document that specifies the primary parameters, types, and technical requirements for prefabricated reinforced concrete stairs.

It states that products are manufactured using the following standard designs, which have been in use since 1984:

• Episode 1.050.1 for buildings with different floor heights, or more precisely: 2.8; 3.0; 3.3; 3.6; 4.2; 4.8; 6.0; 7.2 m, flight width 1210 and 1350 mm;
• Series 1.151.1 with a floor height of 2.8 m, used for residential buildings, the flight width is 1050 and 1200 mm respectively;
• Series 1.251.1-4 with a floor height of 3.3; 3.6; 4.2 m is intended for public buildings, the flight width is 1200, 1350, 1500, 1650 mm respectively.
• Series 1.050.9-4.93 issue 0-1 (issued to replace 1.450-1, 1973.) stairs on steel stringers for multi-story industrial buildings with a height of 3.3 to 7.2 m, flight width 1.21; 1.35; 1.5; and 1.65.

Note: The standard technological map for the production of the relevant works describes how to install flights of stairs and platforms.

Manufacturing in line with other projects that have been authorized in compliance with the regulations is not, however, forbidden.

For instance, the following prefabricated stairs made of reinforced concrete are available for purchase:

• Series II-04-7 Working drawings (1964).) for civil and administrative buildings with a height between floors of 3.3 and 4.2 m, a flight width of 1150 mm with a width of 1350 mm of laid steps. Made from lightweight structural concrete.
• Episode 3.503.1-96.1-2 (1991.) staircases designed for descent or lifting to an earthen embankment with a height of 2.1 to 12 m. Flight width 750 and 1500 mm.

It should be noted that if the documentation is no longer valid, the products are made solely in accordance with this type of standard solution, frequently leaving the elements’ primary structural dimensions unaltered, but the materials utilized still satisfy current standards.

Application

It is difficult to envision a typical staircase in a cottage building’s residential area at first glance. However, this is achievable if you know how to integrate it into the living space in a harmonious manner and choose the right kind of finish. A number of additional creative solutions for the arrangement of the house’s interfloor connections can be found in the video included in this article.

Note: If the house has a non-standard floor height, you can take fewer steps than necessary and manually expand the monolithic base by another two to four steps, as shown in the picture below.

This T-shaped structure, which is made up of products from series 3.503.1-96.1-2, has its steps arranged along a stringer made of reinforced concrete. They are different from other standard solutions mostly in the support units; they act as supports in these open areas.

However, you can also utilize this kind for interfloor communication, setting up spaces appropriately for stringers that support them. Additionally, create a unique staircase with comparable specifications.

The best part is that this standard solution works well, say, for planning a water descent on private property. It is important to consider the material’s resistance to frost, water, and cracks when arranging a street area using alternative materials.

They need to be higher for usage outside. Therefore, a concrete brand no less than B25 should be used for external stair work, and B15 is appropriate for interior work.

Stairs made of precast reinforced concrete are a flexible and useful addition to a range of building projects. These stairs are produced off-site in controlled environments thanks to precast technology, guaranteeing excellent quality and consistency. This method is appropriate for both new construction and renovations because it minimizes disruption to ongoing activities and shortens the time spent building on the site.

Precast concrete stairs have several benefits, two of which are their strength and longevity. These stairs, which were strengthened with steel bars during the casting process, have long-term structural integrity and can support large loads. Because of their durability, they are perfect for high-traffic locations where dependability and safety are crucial, like commercial buildings, schools, and residential complexes.

Precast concrete stairs also have the important advantage of offering architectural flexibility. They can be made to order in a variety of sizes, shapes, and finishes to meet particular design specifications. Because of their versatility, the stairs guarantee that they fulfill their intended function while also adding a pleasing element to the building’s overall design. Precast concrete stairs can blend in with many different architectural styles, whether they are sleek and contemporary or traditional and classic.

In addition, the process of installing precast concrete stairs is simple and effective. They save labor costs and potential delays because they are immediately installable once they are delivered to the site. This effectiveness is especially helpful for projects with short schedules or restricted access to the construction site. Stair installations can be completed more quickly without sacrificing quality or safety.

To sum up, precast reinforced concrete staircases provide a useful, long-lasting, and visually attractive option for contemporary building projects. These stairs provide long-term value and reliability while meeting the strict requirements of today’s architecture thanks to their strength, customization options, and simplicity of installation. Precast concrete stairs are still a top option for architects, builders, and developers who want to improve a building’s functionality and design, whether it be in a commercial, residential, or institutional setting.

Precast reinforced concrete stairs provide useful and effective answers for a range of architectural requirements in the construction industry. These structures are precisely and of excellent quality because they are prefabricated off-site under controlled circumstances. This article examines common precast concrete stair designs and uses, emphasizing the advantages of these materials’ strength, simplicity of installation, and adaptability. Precast concrete stairs are dependable and adaptable solutions that meet strict safety and aesthetic requirements during construction while streamlining processes in residential, commercial, or industrial settings.

Video on the topic

Reinforced concrete staircases: production, types of flights, transportation and storage.

Flights of stairs 1LM 27.eleven.14-4

Installation of a flight of stairs

Flights of stairs LM, 1LM, ML, 2LMF, LMP manufacturing concrete products plant

Installation of staircases.

The staircase was assembled using steps and a channel

The most common mistakes in designing a flight of stairs