Floor beams made of reinforced concrete (RC) are an essential part of contemporary construction because they give different kinds of buildings the strength and support they need. These beams guarantee the longevity and structural integrity of floors in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. Engineers and architects favor RC floor beams because of their superior load-bearing capacity, which is achieved through the combination of steel reinforcement and concrete.
There are numerous applications for which RC floor beams are used. They are frequently utilized in multi-story buildings where there is a lot of weight and stress on each floor. Furthermore, these beams are essential in buildings like parking garages and long hallways that need to have expansive open areas free from the obstruction of support columns. Because of their strength and adaptability, RC floor beams can be used in both straightforward and intricate architectural designs.
Different types and sizes of RC floor beams are available to meet different construction needs. T-beams, L-beams, and inverted T-beams are examples of standard types; each is made to fit particular load scenarios and architectural specifications. Depending on the span, load, and structural design, these beams can have a wide range of sizes. These measurements are meticulously calculated by engineers to guarantee efficiency and safety during building.
The installation of reinforced concrete floor beams is a crucial stage of building that calls for accuracy and knowledge. Usually, the procedure entails pouring the concrete, assembling the formwork, and putting in the steel reinforcement. The structural integrity of the building depends on the beams being aligned and fastened correctly. The RC floor beams offer a strong and stable base for the floors above once the concrete cures.
Anyone working in construction must comprehend the function and use of reinforced concrete floor beams. These elements are essential to building strong, safe structures, from their kinds and sizes to the meticulous installation procedure. Builders can accomplish incredible architectural feats while guaranteeing the longevity and stability of their projects by utilizing the strength and versatility of reinforcing concrete floor beams.
| Type | Description |
| Residential Buildings | Used for creating strong and durable floors in homes and apartments. Sizes vary based on design requirements. |
| Commercial Structures | Support heavy loads in offices, malls, and other commercial buildings. Typically larger to accommodate greater stresses. |
| Industrial Facilities | Designed to withstand the weight of heavy machinery and equipment. Often custom-sized for specific needs. |
| Installation | Installed by lifting into place with cranes and securing with steel reinforcements and concrete. Requires precise alignment and support during setting. |
- Where are they used
- Requirements for beams
- Types
- Marking and dimensions
- Manufacturing of beams
- Recommendations for selection
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Where are they used
Reinforced concrete floor beams find application in the transportation industry, among other fields, and during different phases of object construction as a means of addressing diverse issues.
- Creation of a reliable supporting surface during the construction of walls
- Erection of a supporting frame for a floor/roof
- Construction of large-panel projects, production facilities
- Formation of lintels in the areas of door/window openings
- Construction of crane tracks, overpasses, bridges, various types of access roads, airports
- Laying of communication lines for railway trains, trams
Everywhere it is necessary to guarantee the structure’s high strength and dependability, durability and resistance to any adverse factors, and quick installation, reinforced concrete floor beams are utilized.
Requirements for beams
The types, shapes, and sizes of modern reinforced concrete beams vary, and specific specifications and guidelines are established for each kind of construction.
These days, rafter and foundation beams are the most common types of beams. When building a roof, rafter beams are utilized, while foundation beams are used for the base. Common traits (resistance, strength, durability, ease of installation, dependability, etc.) set all types of reinforced concrete beams apart. D.).
- Strength – depends on the place of use of the beam and its type: for attic structures and different types of residential premises, maximum loads of 105 kg/m2 are installed, for interactive ceilings and the formation of basement floors, the indicator is 210 kg/m2.
- Rigidity – for attic structures, the indicator is 1 to 200, for inter -story ceilings – 1 to 250.
- Thermal and sound insulation – a concrete floor beam must provide the parameters corresponding to the requirements for the premises (specified in regulatory documents). To improve thermal insulation characteristics, it is necessary to select the type of filler for the openings between the beams and to cover the element itself.
Every prerequisite is outlined in GOST 13015-2012. Before production begins, periodic tests are conducted on reinforced concrete products for stiffness, strength, and resistance to cracks by loading in accordance with GOST 8829. This is done in case modifications are made to the design or production technology is improved.
Types
Three primary criteria are used to categorize reinforced concrete floor beams: span width, type of structure, and column pitch. Considerations include size, configuration, and different design elements. Therefore, beams can be trapezoidal, T-shaped, I-beam, hollow, or rectangular (standard).
- Precast reinforced concrete, which are produced in a factory – they have a rectangular or T-shaped section.
- Concrete, which are cast directly on site – they are usually used to strengthen monolithic structures.
- Concrete monolithic-collector beams-combine both methods.
The whole range of reinforced concrete products is typically divided into three categories based on design: single-sloping, regular or lattice gable, and rafters with parallel rail mounts (which are required to attach specialized equipment).
Fertiles that are prefabricated can be broken or curved. They are used in workshops with crane special equipment, storage facilities, industrial enterprises, etc., to create strong and dependable spans (where large loads are expected). D.
- Strapping – to create jumpers between the monoliths of the walls
- I -beam – are used in the construction of different types of large -panel, industrial buildings, as they guarantee an increased level of strength (and their cost is high)
- Lattice – to create overpass
- Crane – for balancing the functioning of lifting cranes
- Foundation – to form a high-quality solid base
- Rafters – they are used to make roofs for single-story buildings
The most common types of structures nowadays are interfloor beams, which are T-shaped and typically rectangular in shape. These beams evenly distribute loads on floor slabs, maintaining their levelness. T-shaped concrete structures ensure the structure’s practicality, durability, and dependability while producing pitched or flat roofs.
Marking and dimensions
Every reinforced concrete beam has a standard marking on it. The combination of letters designates the standard size for reinforced concrete rafter beams with parallel belts. BSO, gable – BSD are the designations for single-slope reinforced concrete rafter beams (BSP). BP: These beams are purlins.
The marking also makes use of numbers in addition to letters. A designation that is applied in three groups of letters and numbers is known as standard marking. The designations are type (letter), size, and span (measured in meters using Arabic numerals).
Information about classifying the category according to the grade of concrete, load-bearing capacity, and type of reinforcing rods is also included in the marking. Further attributes (such as series, application features, subtleties in design, etc.) are also mentioned.
Dimensions and dimensions are indicated in three parameters regardless of the application scope of reinforced concrete beams. All of them are used in the calculation of a reinforced concrete beam.
- Length (L) – the parameter must exceed the span length by 40 centimeters and protrude beyond the edges of the supporting parts by at least 20 centimeters onto load-bearing wall structures.
- Height (H) – a value equal to at least 5% of the length or 1/20 of it.
- Width (B) – this parameter correlates with height in a ratio of 5:7.
Manufacturing of beams
The simplest product to order factory-ready is a concrete floor beam. However, there are situations in which it becomes necessary to fabricate beams yourself. For instance, if transporting them to Moscow from the closest plant is simple, there may be instances in which the cost of delivery to remote areas is prohibitive.
In order to produce reinforced concrete beams, meticulous computations and drawing are required. Although the procedure is rather straightforward, technology observance is required.
- Creation of formwork from plywood 1-2 centimeters or wooden boards 2 thick.5-4 centimeters. The formwork is performed the size that is determined for the beams. The inside of the structure is glued with a film.
- Reinforcement of 4 whole steel rods diameter 12-14 millimeters. In the case of conjugation, an overlap is required 80 centimeters and the strapping of this place with wire. The reinforcement is located in such a way that a layer of concrete with a thickness of at least 5 centimeters is surrounded from all sides (usually use plastic clamps).
- Pour the formwork of the concrete family of the brand minimum M300 – at one time, continuously. After pouring, the product is covered with waterproofing material. When carrying out work in hot weather, concrete is watered every day, the structure matures for about 2 weeks.
This makes it feasible to create beams with any size or shape for any kind of flooring, roofing, foundation, door or window openings, etc.
Modern construction cannot function without reinforced concrete (RC) floor beams, which give a wide range of structures—from residential homes to skyscrapers for businesses—strength and stability. To accommodate varied load requirements and architectural demands, these beams are available in a variety of sizes and types. In order to guarantee longevity and security, installation calls for meticulous preparation and exact execution. RC floor beams are a flexible and dependable option for supporting floors and distributing loads across a building’s framework, whether in traditional or modern designs.
Recommendations for selection
It is important to consider the primary attributes and features, as well as the necessary specifications, when selecting reinforced concrete beams. Among the principal ones, sound, steam, and hydro insulation, thermal protection, and fire resistance are typically considered. Selecting the primary indicators is just as crucial as determining the size and dimensions.
The reinforced concrete’s design must adhere to the element’s or structure’s design to the greatest extent possible. Therefore, the weight of a solid floor supported by reinforced concrete beams will be tremendous for a wall frame on a columnar foundation. However, a solid house with hollow beams won’t provide the necessary degree of structural safety.
Precise calculations of all the compressed and stretched zones that influence the strength of reinforced concrete must be made during the structure’s installation.
The reinforcement in the reinforced concrete beams needs to be placed in the tension zones during the interfloor slab’s construction. This will offer the necessary degree of dependability.
Because they are strong, resilient, and adaptable, reinforced concrete floor beams are essential to modern building. They are extensively utilized in many different kinds of buildings, ranging from big commercial buildings to residential dwellings. These beams ensure the stability and safety of the entire building by giving floors the critical support they need and assisting in the equal distribution of loads.
Floor beams made of reinforced concrete come in a variety of forms, each intended for a particular use. Among the common varieties are L-beams, T-beams, and inverted T-beams. The project’s structural and architectural requirements will determine which beam is used. Furthermore, these beams can be designed and built with flexibility because they are available in a range of sizes to suit diverse spans and load scenarios.
Exact planning and precision are necessary when installing floor beams made of reinforced concrete. Maintaining the building’s structural integrity depends on proper alignment and placement. Formwork setup, the placement of reinforcing steel, and concrete pouring are the usual steps in the installation process. To guarantee the beams function as intended, these procedures need to be supervised by qualified experts.
Because of their strength and versatility, reinforced concrete floor beams are a construction essential. Builders can improve the safety and longevity of their projects by making well-informed decisions based on their understanding of the types, sizes, and installation techniques. Small residential buildings and large commercial complexes alike can rely on these beams to give any structure the sturdy support it needs.
