Ribbed floor slabs: technical characteristics, types and scope of use

Modern construction frequently uses ribbed floor slabs because of their exceptional structural qualities and adaptability. These slabs have a pattern of reinforced concrete beams, or ribs, running along their undersides in one or both directions. Their efficient and cost-effective design not only increases their load-bearing capacity but also minimizes the quantity of concrete needed.

One of the key technical characteristics of ribbed floor slabs is their ability to span large distances without intermediate supports. This makes them ideal for use in buildings that require open spaces, such as warehouses, commercial buildings, and industrial facilities. The ribs provide additional strength and stiffness, allowing the slab to support heavy loads and resist bending or deflection.

Ribbed floor slabs come in a variety of forms, each appropriate for a particular use case and building technique. A typical variety is the one-way ribbed slab, in which the ribs only run in one direction. An additional option is the two-way ribbed slab, which offers even more strength and stability due to its bidirectional ribs. Depending on the particular needs of the project, these slabs can either be cast in place or prefabricated off-site and then assembled on-site.

Ribbed floor slabs have a very broad range of applications. They are frequently used in the construction of bridges, parking garages, and multi-story buildings. They are the material of choice for structures that need to have flexible interior layouts because of their capacity to cover large areas with fewer supports. Furthermore, because they weigh less than solid slabs, they can be installed more quickly and at a lower total cost of construction.

Ribbed floor slabs are a useful tool in the toolbox of contemporary construction because they combine strength, efficiency, and versatility. These slabs offer a dependable and affordable way to construct sturdy and useful floor systems, regardless of the size of the project—big commercial buildings or smaller residential ones.

Technical Characteristics Types and Scope of Use
High load-bearing capacity Ideal for industrial buildings
Improved thermal insulation Common in residential projects
Reduced material usage Used in parking garages
Enhanced acoustic performance Suitable for office spaces
Flexibility in design Adaptable for commercial buildings

Features and purpose

No building can be long-lasting if the right materials aren’t chosen and all the construction details are followed. Additionally, it won’t be secure for the occupants.

Even in seismically unstable areas of the planet, the stability and safety of the house’s operations are ensured by ribbed floor slabs. However, you must first carefully plan your load vectors.

It is crucial that they divide the full force of the weapons equally amongst themselves. Selecting the appropriate materials is crucial as well, as this affects the construction’s strength.

Assistance: Slabs with ribs can support a significant amount of weight. In this instance, designing wide apertures is made feasible by the coating plate.

A creative and effective building material, ribbed floor slabs are renowned for their increased strength and adaptability. These slabs have a number of ribs that lower the structure’s overall weight while improving load-bearing capacity. Ribbed floor slabs come in a variety of forms, each intended for a particular use in a building, from big industrial complexes to residential structures. They are perfect for contemporary architectural projects because of their distinctive design, which not only supports large loads but also permits longer spans between supports. This article examines the functions, varieties, and technical attributes of ribbed floor slabs in the modern building sector.

Specifications

There is a 6 m step at the floor slab. Products may be included in the roofing or basement. These floors are rarely seen in private or residential buildings; instead, they are primarily utilized in the planning and development of structures for businesses. What are the salient features of the slab?

The base of reinforced concrete ribbed roof slabs is solid. Plus, high loads can be supported by ribbed flooring.

The concrete monolithic planes will be reinforced with ribs if it is anticipated that the weight will be excessively high. Nonetheless, the concrete is removed in areas where the load is either negligible or nonexistent. Furthermore, it is added where the load is greatest.

The slab has maximum strength, can support loads of any complexity, and saves material because of all these essential qualities.

REFERENCE: The quality of the raw materials used to make concrete directly affects its properties. Concrete can be dense, light, or heavy. Everything is dependent upon the brand required for building. The right reinforcement is chosen based on the concrete that is chosen. It varies because of the marking as well.

Marking

The following categories of coating plates are differentiated based on marking:

  • PG – without openings;
  • PV – there are holes for ventilation equipment;
  • PF – lanterns can be installed on prepared holes;
  • Pl – designed to remove roof.

A lifting tap is utilized in the slab installation process. There should be no defects or skewness in the product. The "ears" are utilized in order to observe the upsurge technology.

Every plate has dimensions, including height, weight, thickness, and length.

The product measures 22.2 cm in height. There is a range of 2.2m to 12.5m in length. The manufacturer can create slabs that are specifically tailored, but then she will require more support.

Ribbed rib width occurs as follows: 1.25, 1.51, 1.81, 1.25. In shape, it is typically rectangular. Square-shaped products are very rare and cost a lot more.

Ribbed floor slabs measure 3 x 6, 3 x 18, 3 x 12, and 1.5 x 6.

How much weight does a slab with ribs weigh? This indicator ranges from 771 kg to 825 kg per square meter. Multi-section products are used when large loads are needed. They have the strength to support 2.5 tons.

REFERENCE: The following requirements must be fulfilled by concrete. It has a density of 1810–1990 kg. In accordance with GOST standards, it needs to be porous. Markings for heavy concrete are M450 or M560. Concrete that is light: M250 and M300.

Pros and cons of ribbed floor slabs

Products with ribbed reinforced concrete offer the following benefits:

  • their sound permeability is much lower than that of hollow ones;
  • the design is initially designed with high strength, allowing it to be used in seismically active areas;
  • provide the strength of 2 ribs installed in 2 directions;
  • practicality is also important (products do not require maintenance, simple finishing is enough, but sometimes even this is not done).

Scope of use

In industrial and public buildings, the primary load-bearing component used to organize a roof is a ribbed slab. Attics and garage floors are arranged using it. The loads on the slab are calculated and the space between each supporting support must be observed during installation.

GOST features that are applicable:

  • withstand temperatures up to +50 degrees, which are achieved in industrial enterprises;
  • lowering to -40 degrees, where this is observed;
  • in regions where seismicity up to 9 points is possible;
  • under the influence of medium non-aggressive gaseous compounds;
  • in heated rooms where there is a stable temperature level;
  • can withstand below -40 and above +50, if the floor is made to order (this must be specified in the documentation).

Assortment depending on the parameters

Factory slabs are used to make ribbed floors. Their form, application range, and concrete thickness vary. All slabs come with a specific GOST, but you can order specific sizes from the manufacturer for a particular structure.

By marking

The slabs’ dimensions and technical details are typically mentioned along with their marking. The name of the slab may be shown with additional explanatory signs. For instance, the letter "P" denotes a higher concrete density. It is worthwhile to thoroughly study the subject of assortments and each type to comprehend all of the designations.

Smooth

Among the smooth slabs are those that don’t In industrial buildings, they are utilized to create ceilings. Such a part can be used regardless of heating. However, they are inappropriate in a hostile setting.

The primary representative of the 1 PG -6-1 smooth slab series of sizes

  • length – 5.97 m;
  • width – 2.98 m;
  • height – 25 cm;
  • weight – 2.25 t.

A scaled-down version of 2PG-6-1 is this brand. It weighs half as much as the previous model and is half as wide. The PG model is made using both prestressed and non-prestressed reinforcement, and it has a U-shaped shape.

With ventilation holes

This kind has an opening on one end for adding ventilation apparatus. PV serves as this brand’s spokesperson. It is produced in compliance with the 6×3 specification.

For instance, take into account PV-14-6’sdimensions:

  • length – 5.97 m;
  • width – 2.98 m;
  • height – 30 cm;
  • weight – 3.4 t.

As a result, the name’s number 14 denotes the quantity of holes, and the number 6 that follows it denotes a load-bearing capacity greater than 600 kg. These slabs are installed on higher floors. They enable the installation of axial or centrifugal fans in the opening.

In temperate climates, boards with ventilation holes are used. It is essential to compute the ribbed floor slab correctly. After that, the substance will be resilient to -40 degree temperatures.

With holes for lighting

Inside of MP-marked plates is a rectangular hole. They are employed in industrial buildings where strong lighting is needed, as well as in the installation of large-scale lighting systems.

There might be multiple openings in the slab, and each one’s size will vary based on the span length.

Consider the MF-1 model, for instance (with prestressed reinforcement):

  • length – 5.97 m;
  • width – 2.98 m;
  • height – 30 cm;
  • weight – 2.3 t.

The MF-1 model has a bearing capacity of 650 kg per square meter. It frequently works in tandem with the PG model.

Under roof shedding

With this model, installing a shed roof is simple. It has PL markings. In industrial buildings, the design can be used to install a roof over explosive areas.

Special rectangular openings are located inside the PL part. They have a flooring consisting of corrugated asbestos sheet covering them from above. Take the PL-1 design, for instance. Its measurements:

  • length – 5.97 m;
  • width – 2.98 m;
  • height – 30 cm;
  • weight – 1.75 t.

The parts’ sizes can change based on what the customer needs.

Large-sized

The letters PKZH are used to identify this type. Large industrial complexes are built with it when a perfectly level floor is not necessary. Bridges, stadiums, and sports complexes, for instance, can be constructed using these components.

  • length 5.97 m;
  • thickness 1.49 m;
  • height 30 cm;
  • weight 1.54 t.

It can support a load of 780 kg per square meter. The temperature of the slab can be allowed to drop to -40 degrees and rise to +50 degrees.

By shape

Additionally, ribbed slabs have different looks. Their floor structures are different, to start with:

  • Unidirectional (parallel) ribs. That is, their ribs go in one direction. Examples: PG, PKZh. They have only longitudinal reinforcements, there are no transverse ones.

  • Bidirectional (intersecting) ribs. They have additional stiffeners installed. They go perpendicular to the longitudinal. Typically, plates with holes inside have this design: PL, PV, PF. The design is built using beams, then slabs will be connected to them in the future. So one large overlap is formed.

Type

Here, there are three categories for ribbed:

  • Monolithic. The design consists of plates and main beams, they are interconnected by concrete mounts. Thus, slabs turn into one single monolithic structure made of reinforced concrete. Beams here can go in the same direction and two. A monolithic look is able to withstand heavy loads, so it is used in the construction of buildings with large spans.

  • Prefabricated. Used to build houses with a wall and frame structural system. According to the plan, the slabs are based on walls and beams, in isolated cases – on columns. Structures of this type are installed on buildings built from bricks, blocks, stones.

  • Collective monolithic. Are a frame of beams and blocks, installed between them. After final installation, all elements are poured with concrete. In the end you get a strong monolithic base.

Average prices

The floor slab typically costs between 25.000 and 27.000 rubles. The product’s cost is determined by its technical specifications, such as the type of steel and concrete used. additionally from the product’s range of applications.

The cost of the goods increases as the parameters increase. If the PR plate has dimensions of 6 m by 1.2 m by 220 cm and costs 25.000 rubles, then a different plate with the same dimensions—7 m by 1.5 m by 220 cm—and an 800 kg allowable load will already cost 35.000 rubles.

PNO plates cost a lot less. Three thousand rubles is the average cost.

The type of structure and the materials used in their construction determine the cost of floor slabs. Here are some examples of particular slabs along with an average price (in rubles):

  • 2PG-6-1 10.000;
  • PV-14-6 – 55.000;
  • PF-1 – 24.000;
  • PL-1 – 12.000;
  • PKZH-1 – 7.000.

In today’s construction, ribbed floor slabs are a creative and practical solution. Their distinctive design, which is made up of several beams or ribs, offers a sturdy platform that can hold large weights. Because ribbed slabs provide this strength without appreciably increasing the structure’s weight, they are a popular option for many construction projects.

Ribbed floor slabs come in a variety of forms, each designed to meet particular requirements and uses. One popular variety is the one-way ribbed slab, which distributes loads along a single axis with ribs running in one direction. However, two-way ribbed slabs offer even more strength and versatility because the ribs run in both directions. Slabs with hollow ribs have spaces between the ribs to help reduce weight even more while preserving structural integrity.

In many different construction contexts, including big commercial complexes and residential buildings, ribbed floor slabs are employed. They are especially helpful for projects like parking garages, warehouses, and industrial buildings that call for long spans without intermediate supports. Their optimal selection for these applications stems from their capacity to effectively handle loads and stresses.

Ribbed floor slabs are a useful element in modern construction because they combine strength, efficiency, and flexibility. Their versatility and technical qualities guarantee that they will always be a mainstay of contemporary engineering solutions, whether they are used for large-scale industrial constructions or modest residential projects.

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Andrey Ivanov

Experienced civil engineer with more than 20 years of experience. Specializing in the construction of industrial and civil facilities. Author of many publications in professional journals.

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