Any construction project must start with the construction of a solid and long-lasting foundation. Using bored piles with a monolithic grillage is one efficient technique. By combining the stability of deep foundations with a strong, integrated support system, this method makes sure the structure remains stable even in difficult soil conditions.
Concrete is poured into large holes drilled into the ground for bored pile foundations. Bypassing weak or unstable surface layers, these piles disperse the weight of the building far below the surface. This technique is especially helpful in places where the soil is not suitable for shallow foundations or where the soil conditions vary greatly.
The tops of the bored piles are connected by a solid concrete slab known as the monolithic grillage, which equally distributes the structure’s weight over each pile. In addition to adding stability, this integrated approach aids in preventing differential settlement, which occurs when the foundation sinks at different rates in different places.
A foundation that is capable of withstanding multiple forces and supporting large loads is produced by combining bored piles with monolithic grillage. This technique is popular in both residential and commercial building because it provides a dependable way to build on difficult or unstable terrain.
In difficult soil conditions, constructing a bored pile foundation with a monolithic grillage is an extremely efficient way to guarantee the stability and longevity of structures. Using this method, large holes are bored, steel reinforcement is inserted, and concrete is filled in to create piles that are joined by a solid concrete grillage. This foundation system is a popular option for both residential and commercial construction projects because it evenly distributes the load, minimizes settling issues, and increases the building’s overall strength.
- Advantages of the design
- Calculation of a bored pile foundation with a grillage
- Calculation of bored piles
- Calculation of a monolithic grillage
- Calculation of reinforcement
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Advantages of the design
The best way to combine the two technologies (concrete reinforced belt and pile foundation), which together offer the best performance characteristics, is to build a foundation with bored piles and a monolithic grillage. It is essential to research this type of foundation’s characteristics before setting one up.
- High load-bearing capacity – the structure can withstand the loads of a building made of any material, and the laid waterproofing makes the structure virtually invulnerable to external negative factors.
- No destructive impact of the construction process on neighboring buildings – you can build a house even next to other buildings.
- The ability to build a reliable, durable house in difficult geological conditions – in marshy areas, in places with high groundwater levels, in heaving soil.
- Simplicity of technology, minimal volume of excavation work.
- No need to involve qualified specialists (subject to the ability to perform calculations, think through everything), heavy equipment – all work is carried out directly at the construction site.
- Durability – ensured by the fact that the piles are driven deep, below the depth of soil freezing.
- The ability to arrange a foundation on bored piles with a grillage in difficult areas – where there are slopes, when you do not want to spoil the surrounding terrain.
- Choice of any material for the construction of a building – even the most massive.
- Low cost compared to other types of foundations with similar properties and parameters.
- High construction speed – the foundation is built in 4-7 days.
Calculation of a bored pile foundation with a grillage
Thorough calculation is necessary prior to installing a foundation consisting of bored piles with a grillage. You can only guarantee the future building’s strength, dependability, and long service life by using the right parameters and numbers in order to get the desired outcome.
Calculation of bored piles
The following values are calculated when calculating piles: diameter, number, arrangement, and length of supports. Typically, the diameter is measured between 15 and 40 centimeters; a 20 centimeter section is thought to be ideal. Use specific tables that show the bearing capacity and diameter of the supports—relevant for varying materials—for more precise computations.
- l is the optimal distance between supports
- P is an indicator of the bearing capacity of the pile
- Q is the load per linear meter of the foundation (the mass of the building is divided by the length of the grillage itself)
Therefore, 27 supports are required for a 50-ton house that is built on clay soil on supports with a 20-centimeter cross-section (50,000 kg / 1884 kg = 26.53). Additionally, keep in mind that the spacing between the piles needs to be at least three times larger than their diameters. In other words, there must be a minimum of 60 centimeters between piles if they have a 20 centimeter cross-section. The figure is raised by 25% for dense soil.
Install the base beneath the house in accordance with a pre-compiled plan based on SNiP, which mandates the application of certain guidelines: piles must be placed beneath the entrance group, along the load-bearing walls, and in the building’s corners.
Installing supports beneath heavy components—such as stoves, fireplaces, boiler rooms, etc.—is also advised. The level of soil freezing in the area and the depth at which the bearing soils are found determine the drilling depth. They typically drill between 1.5 and 3 meters down.
Calculation of a monolithic grillage
The process of creating a bored pile foundation with grillage involves precise measurements of the height and width of the monolithic frame. Apply the following formula to get the width value:
- B is the width of the tape
- M is the weight of the building
- L is the length of the grillage
- R is the exact value of the bearing capacity of the topsoil
The formula applies to both zero-height grillage and a shallow foundation. It is best to leave the calculations to experts in this case because a hanging grillage is calculated using a different, more complicated form of technology.
Typically, the grillage’s width is between 35 and 50 centimeters. Depending on the anticipated depth, a width of 40 centimeters and a height of 30 to 50 centimeters will be more than enough for a medium-sized cottage.
Calculation of reinforcement
Bored piles with grillage must be connected by a reinforced frame when a foundation is built. Use smooth knitting wire with a 6 millimeter cross-section to knit and reinforce with corrugated steel rods measuring 10 to 12 millimeters in diameter.
- The number of rods in the longitudinal belt is at least 4 with a distance of up to 10 centimeters
- The step between transverse lintels in the longitudinal belt is up to 30 centimeters, between connecting vertical ones – up to 40 centimeters
- The thickness of the protective layer of concrete is at least 5 centimeters on all sides to avoid metal corrosion.
You can use a straightforward example to comprehend how to determine the appropriate amount of reinforcement. Therefore, two longitudinal belts with three rods that each have a diameter of 14 millimeters are used for reinforcement if a monolithic grillage with a perimeter of 9 by 7 meters is created and the conditional dimensions of the strapping are 40 by 40 centimeters. The belts are connected by jumpers made of rods with an 11-millimeter diameter and a 20-centimeter step between each rod. The step between each rod is 10 centimeters.
- Determination of the total length of the rods in the upper longitudinal belt: 9+9+7+7 = 32 meters (perimeter of grillage), 32×3 = 96 (the length of three rods) 96 x 2 = 192 (length necessary for two belts).
- Jumpers are used 30 centimeters long, located at a distance of 20 centimeters. For both belts, the grillage is needed: 2x (32/0.2) = 320 pieces of 30 centimeters = 96 meters.
- The length of vertical jumpers uniting both frames. Their length is the same, 30 centimeters, for a square grillage = 96 meters.
It turns out that in this instance, 192 meters of 14 millimeter-section reinforcement and 96 + 96 = 192 meters of 11 millimeter-cross section jumper are required purchases.
The formula for knitting wire is as follows: One connection uses 40 centimeters of the material. There are 4x (32/0.2) = 640 pieces of 40 centimeters, or 256 meters, in total number of connections.
Step | Description |
1 | Site Preparation |
2 | Drill Holes |
3 | Insert Reinforcement |
4 | Pour Concrete |
5 | Construct Grillage Formwork |
6 | Install Grillage Reinforcement |
7 | Pour Grillage Concrete |
8 | Allow Concrete to Cure |
For ensuring strength and stability in a variety of soil conditions, a monolithic grillage on a bored pile foundation is a practical solution. To create sturdy piles, this method entails drilling deep holes, inserting reinforcement cages, and filling them with concrete. A monolithic grillage that connects these piles subsequently evenly distributes the load across the foundation.
This method has a number of benefits, such as less excavation needed, less disturbance of the soil, and the capacity to support large structures. When a monolithic grillage is used, the foundation becomes more rigid and is therefore appropriate for regions with unstable ground or high seismic activity.
All things considered, a monolithic grillage combined with bored piles creates a solid and dependable foundation system. For many construction projects, it’s an affordable and adaptable option that guarantees buildings will stay safe and secure for many years to come. Builders can produce a high-quality foundation that satisfies the requirements of contemporary construction standards by using the right construction techniques and guidelines.