How to make ribbed floor slabs with your own hands, dimensions, technical characteristics

For those with some do-it-yourself experience, making ribbed floor slabs by hand can be a satisfying and economical project. Ribbed floor slabs, sometimes referred to as ribbed plates, are a cost-effective option for numerous building projects since they offer superior structural strength while using less concrete. Success in building projects requires a thorough understanding of the procedures and technical aspects, whether you’re building a new garage or a small addition.

It’s important to gather the required tools and materials before beginning. Concrete, rebar, plywood for the formwork, and standard building supplies like a saw, hammer, and drill are required. Additionally, to protect yourself while working on the project, safety equipment like goggles, a dust mask, and gloves should be available. After everything is set up, you can start by getting the formwork ready. This will help to create the ribbed slab and give support while the concrete cures.

Your project’s particular requirements will determine the size of your ribbed floor slab. The ribs are normally positioned 600–1200 mm apart and 100–200 mm tall, contingent upon the weight they are expected to bear. Although it can vary, the slab’s overall thickness usually falls between 100 and 150 mm. To make sure that the slab will fit the intended space and satisfy the structural requirements, careful planning and measurement are crucial.

Technically speaking, ribbed floor slabs are renowned for their strong load-bearing capacity and bending resistance. By dispersing the weight throughout the slab and lowering the chance of cracking, the ribs function as beams. To improve these qualities, rebar reinforcement done correctly is essential. To add more strength and stability, the rebar needs to be positioned across the slab and inside the ribs.

One crucial step that needs careful attention to detail is pouring the concrete. To ensure that the concrete fills all the gaps surrounding the rebar, it should be mixed to the proper consistency and poured evenly into the formwork. Vibrating the concrete after it has been poured is crucial to getting rid of air bubbles and guaranteeing a smooth finish. It usually takes 28 days for the concrete to properly cure after it has been poured and leveled. Keep the slab moist during this period to keep it from cracking and to make sure it reaches its maximum strength.

Ribbed floor slabs that are robust, long-lasting, and perfectly matched to your building requirements can be successfully created by following these guidelines and closely observing the technical details and dimensions. Ribbed floor slabs are a practical and efficient way to achieve sturdy flooring, whether you’re working on a big DIY project or a smaller one. You will have a final product that endures over time if you plan and execute it carefully.

Making your own ribbed floor slabs can be a satisfying project that enhances the look and feel of your room. You will be guided through all of the necessary steps, measurements, and technical details by this guide. You can attain expert-grade outcomes by following our clear instructions, which cover everything from assembling supplies and preparing your mold to pouring concrete and making sure it cures properly. You’ll find all you need to create sturdy, dependable ribbed floor slabs that improve your home’s structure and appearance, regardless of experience level with do-it-yourself projects.

Materials used

The production of ribbed floor slabs complies with accepted norms and standards. The unit of load accounting, which is determined in kilograms per square meter, is the primary feature of the slab.

• Exact compliance of sizes with the values ​​\u200b\u200bestablished in GOST
• Strict adherence to the parameters and characteristics specified, which is checked during inspections and confirmed by certificates
• Good resistance of slabs to moisture, temperature changes, deformation, cracking

Additionally, the materials used to create monolithic ribbed floors need to be of the highest caliber and adhere to the specifications. A concrete’s density should range from 1810 to 1990 kg/m^. Porosity that has been approved by GOST must be verified. The density of heavy concrete can reach 2550 kg.

Once the concrete has solidified, the tension of the reinforcement within the slab is determined. Light concretes are graded M250 or M300, and heavy concretes are grades M455 or M650.

The GOST-specified steel grades must be used for reinforcement. Standardization must be strictly adhered to by all reinforcement cages. Only tension indicators are subject to change, and even then, only by 10%.

Reinforcement made of approved steels with the necessary diameter, specific dimensions, and loop shapes is used in the production of ribbed slabs. The tension is applied using an electromechanical/mechanical method. Anti-corrosion chemicals must be applied to all metal components.

As long as all requirements are fulfilled, the slabs are strong and sturdy and can support heavy loads for an extended period of time.

Scope

Where it is required, ribbed monolithic floors are used, such as to create an attic-style floor in an administrative/residential building or to form a load-bearing floor for a large-panel industrial facility. The space between the supporting supports must be kept in mind during installation, as well as the computed loads.

• At temperatures up to +50C where the corresponding features of the technological cycle are observed in industrial enterprises
• At temperatures up to -40C in the design of buildings that are constantly in conditions of naturally low temperatures (due to climate features)
• In regions where seismicity reaches 9 points (but not more)
• Under conditions of exposure to moderately aggressive gaseous compounds that affect reinforced concrete
• In heated rooms where a stable temperature regime is established
• At temperatures below -40C and above +50C, if the floor was made to special order, which must be reflected in the documentation

Design features

The technical properties of ribbed slabs can vary depending on the loads operating under particular conditions; transverse ribs are added to increase strength. Concrete is concentrated in areas of compression and minimally concentrated in areas of tension; products function best when subjected to bending loads.

Robust steel reinforcing minimizes the need for concrete mortar and lowers floor thickness and weight without sacrificing strength. The slabs are customizable in terms of size, weight, thickness, and the quantity of reinforcing ribs they contain.

It is necessary for the design to include specific mounting brackets (hinges) in order to facilitate loading and unloading, slab installation on site, and slab fixation. Special equipment and gripping devices are used during installation.

When a monolithic ribbed floor slab is installed, it is raised to a great height precisely parallel to the horizon line by a crane, ensuring no distortions occur. Because of this, the slab hinges need to be strong and dependable, manufactured in compliance with safety standards (every component is inspected for flaws prior to installation).

If holes are made, loopless installation is also feasible. However, before the slab manufacturing process begins, the customer and the manufacturer must agree on the location and size of the holes.

Parameters

The measurements of floor slabs with ribs can change. The height of the slabs can be 30 or 40 centimeters, per regulatory documents. But there’s a big difference in the width and length. There is a range of 1.5-3 meters for width and 6-18 meters for length. The weight is a crucial factor that is determined by the density of the concrete and the slab’s dimensions.

• Length – 5.65 meters
• Width – 0.94-3 meters
• Weight – for light compositions 1.16-3.08 tons, for heavy 1.45-3.85.
• Standard dimensions – 3 x 6 meters, 3 x 12, 1.6 x 6.1, as well as 3 x 18.1 and 1.6 x 12.2 meters.

• Length – 5-6 meters
• Width – 0.75-3 meters
• Weight – lightweight concrete 1.1-3.8 tons, heavy 1.37-4.73.

Types and designation of floor elements with a height of 30 cm

This kind of slab needs to be lowered by thirty centimeters. They are typically situated in specific locations within the structure, which is considered in the project and depicted in the drawing.

• P1 – in standard rows
• P2 – for spaces between load-bearing columns
• P3 – in one closed unit that assembles columns and load-bearing walls into one whole

According to the standard, all the information is contained in the marking of ribbed floor slabs with reduced thickness. It is necessary to specify the product’s standard size, maximum strength coefficient, type of reinforcement and concrete, and features (such as the presence of ventilation holes, denoted by numbers 1-3).

• P2 is the standard size
• AtV – size, type of steel reinforcement
• L – indicates that the product is made of lightweight concrete
• H – indicates that ribbed floors of this type are suitable for normal conditions, are not intended for use in the presence of aggressive factors
• 2 – the presence of a special ventilation hole with a cross-section of 70 centimeters

Classification and marking of products with a height of 40 cm

40 centimeter high ribbed floors are also manufactured in compliance with the standard; they are categorized into classes based on the characteristics of the product’s design.

• 1P – rest on the surfaces of the beam shelves, are produced in 8 sizes, the series is marked 1P1 – 1P8
• 2P – during installation, contacts the upper part of the support beams. According to the standard, only one type of product with the designation 2P1 is produced, but other slabs can be made to order (in Moscow and the regions, manufacturers guarantee that all customer wishes are taken into account)

The reinforcement in grades 1P1–1P6, as well as 2P1, can be in a stressed state to strengthen the concrete massif. The production of slabs 1P7 and 1P8 uses non-stressed reinforcement.

• Information about the dimensions of the ribbed floor slab, which also provides information about the maximum perceived loads
• Type and class of fittings
• Indicators of strength and permeability of concrete
• Various design features (embedded elements, voids, etc.).d.)

The meaning of the acronym 1P1-3At-VIT is:

• 1П1 is a standard size: it means that the width of the slab is 3 meters, length is 5.55
• 3 – the designation contains information about the load-bearing capacity corresponding to the third group
• At-VI – index indicating the characteristics of reinforcement
• T – indicates that the ribbed slab is made of heavy concrete grade M400, which can be used under conditions of influence of gaseous compounds with a low degree of aggressive influence

With proper planning and supplies, it is possible to create ribbed floor slabs on your own. It’s critical to comprehend the slabs’ dimensions and technical features to make sure they adhere to the requirements for longevity and load-bearing capability. Because of their reinforced ribs, ribbed floor slabs offer greater strength and stability, which makes them appropriate for a variety of construction projects.

Assemble all required materials (cement, sand, gravel, rebar, and formwork) before starting. For the slab to be strong, the concrete must be mixed correctly and the ingredient ratio must be followed. The necessary support and reinforcement for the slab will be provided by properly setting up the formwork and positioning the rebar. Focusing on these specifics will make the structure stronger and more durable.

Make sure to evenly distribute the concrete while pouring, and use tools to eliminate any pockets of air. This aids in preventing weak areas in the slab. To ensure that the concrete reaches its maximum strength, give it enough time to cure. Adhering to appropriate curing methods will improve the ribbed floor slabs’ resilience and longevity.

In conclusion, creating ribbed floor slabs is a rewarding project that can improve the structural integrity of your building, even though it necessitates careful planning and execution. It is possible to produce dependable and durable slabs by following the appropriate measurements and technical requirements. Your building needs can be satisfied by creating high-quality ribbed floor slabs with perseverance and meticulous attention to detail.

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