Hatching concrete on drawings

When working with concrete in architectural drawings, you"ll often come across the term "hatching." This is a technique used to visually represent different types of materials, and concrete is no exception. Hatching involves filling areas with patterns or shading to indicate that a certain part of the drawing is made of concrete. It helps everyone involved—from architects to builders—understand what materials are used in various parts of a project.

Accurate communication depends on knowing how to properly hatch concrete on drawings. Different concrete finishes or types, like smooth or textured surfaces, can be indicated by different patterns or shades. This visual guide guarantees that everyone knows exactly what the finished product will look like and facilitates the communication of the design intent.

We’ll go over the fundamentals of hatching concrete on drawings in this post, along with some standard procedures and advice for doing it correctly. Whether you’re an experienced professional or a student learning architectural drafting, being proficient in this method will enable you to produce plans that are more effective and clear. Let’s explore how to create the most accurate and instructive concrete representations you can.

Concept, features and system of information sources

A building material’s symbolic designation is "hatching." most frequently applied when handling concrete. Using a pencil, the drawing is created using intersecting or spaced-apart points, lines, and strokes. For the most part, construction uses schemes. But there are characteristics:

• without the need for a stroke may not be created at all or is created partially to allocate individual objects;
• If necessary, additional drawings with an explanation for materials that are not provided for by the standard are applied.

Three distinct system designations are used in construction:

• GOST 3455 – 59;
• GOST 2.306 – 68;
• GOST R 21.1207-97.

Examine each type of symbol in detail as it has unique properties.

Standard GOST 3455 – 59

From January 1, 1959, to January 1, 1971, this template was in use. It was referred to as "Diches in mechanical engineering" widely. Cuts and sections of oneself ". The system of designation was as follows:

• metal – designation in the form of oblique strokes between which the interval is the same;
• other non-metallic objects – intersecting left- and right-angled lines;
• wood: grain section pattern – an image similar to the texture of larch; cross-section pattern – an image of cracks, as well as tree trunk rings;
• unreinforced concrete – a schematic drawing of sand and gravel;
• reinforced concrete – an image of sand and gravel, oblique strokes;
• brick – intersecting dotted and solid lines at an angle;
• glass – three types of strokes, between which there are vertical and horizontal intervals;
• liquid mortar – designation by hatching, which is applied horizontally with narrowing intervals;
• primer – a pedography pattern combined with intersecting three horizontal and vertical lines.

Standard GOST 2.306 — 68

The 1971 cancellation of the symbol system gave rise to GOST 2.306–68. It stands out due to its severity and lack of artistic flourishes. The following are the recently added sections:

• wood – equal radius arcs with intervals;
• natural stone – dotted lines at an angle;
• ceramics or silicate – two groups of strokes separated by wide intervals;
• concrete – dotted strokes-lines at an angle;
• soil – three strokes combined into a group, separated by gaps.

Furthermore, the following are necessary requirements for this standard:

1. if the line drawing of different materials is similar, they should be signed with an explanation;
2. this standard does not cover reinforced concrete material – there is a template for it GOST 21.107-78;
3. facade materials are not depicted in full, small sections along the contour are sufficient.

The following guidelines for using the diagrams are established with the release of this standard:

• hatching at an angle is applied, as a rule, at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the base;
• when the oblique lines coincide with the contour or axial lines, for the former an angle of 30 or 60 degrees is used;
• the slope of the lines representing one object must be the same;
• objects whose areas are shown on the drawings using narrow sections are hatched only at the ends and in small areas along the entire length;
• designation of very narrow parts – filled lines with small gaps between adjacent planes;
• a section of a small area is indicated by hatching like metal or is not hatched at all with certain marks;
• the slope of the oblique hatching lines in adjacent planes must be different;
• other rules defined by this standard.

GOST R 21.1207-97

As previously mentioned, the standard GOST R 21.1207-97 had to be created because the standard GOST 2.306-68 did not include a system for diagrams of reinforced concrete structures. Road construction is the industry that uses this template the most. This document mentions a specific location in addition to materials like soil and asphalt:

• concrete – dotted lines;
• reinforced concrete – alternating solid and broken lines;
• reinforced concrete with prestressed reinforcement (heated or stretched reinforcement with enhanced bending properties) – alternating two solid and one dotted line.

To effectively convey the type and texture of the concrete surfaces, it is imperative that clear, consistent patterns be used when hatching concrete on drawings. Not only can proper hatching improve readability, but it also aids in identifying various concrete elements and comprehending how they work together in a design. By ensuring that all stakeholders—from architects to builders—are in agreement, this straightforward yet crucial method lowers the possibility of misunderstandings and mistakes during the building process.

Hatching concrete is more than just a visual aid when it comes to architectural drawings; it’s an essential component of comprehending how a building will come together. This method facilitates the communication of the concrete’s texture and type, which helps clients, builders, and architects envision the completed project. Drawings that lack hatching may appear vague or flat, leaving too much up to the viewer’s imagination.

Hatching gives clear and instantaneous information about the finish and properties of the concrete by applying distinct patterns and shading. Every pattern, regardless of whether it is polished, exposed aggregate, or smooth, reveals a different aspect of the material. This helps to ensure that everyone involved has the same expectations for the finished product and also helps with the construction process.

Hatching is essentially a straightforward but powerful tool that helps close the gap between reality and design. It turns, excuse the pun, abstract plans into tangible concepts! So the next time you’re looking at architectural drawings, stop and consider how hatching helps to make complicated projects seem a little bit more manageable.

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