Driven reinforced concrete piles and their specifications

A key component of many building projects are driven reinforced concrete piles. These piles guarantee stability even in difficult soil conditions by offering sturdy and dependable support for buildings. They are widely used in heavy-load constructions such as bridges and building foundations.

The capacity of driven reinforced concrete piles to support heavy loads is one of their key benefits. They are perfect for projects where deep foundations are required because they are made by utilizing a pile driver to drive prefabricated concrete columns into the ground. By using this technique, the piles are guaranteed to reach stable soil layers, giving the structure above a strong foundation.

It is essential to comprehend these piles’ specifications in order to use them effectively. Variations may occur in variables like length, diameter, and details of the reinforcement based on the particular needs of the project. The longevity and safety of the construction can be guaranteed by engineers by choosing the right kind of driven reinforced concrete pile.

This article will examine the various varieties of driven reinforced concrete piles, along with their features and advantages. You’ll find insightful analysis and useful information to help you, regardless of whether you’re working on a major construction project or are just inquiring about this crucial building element.

Features of a pile foundation

A pile foundation offers a sturdy foundation for building when building on soil with limited bearing capacity because:

• the length of the piles is selected so that they rest on soil with high bearing capacity;
• in the building area, the soil becomes compacted, since when arranging a pile field, the supports, plunging into the soil, push it apart.

The foundation structure becomes rigid because of the grillage on driven reinforced concrete piles. Furthermore, horizontal ties composed of monolithic reinforced concrete beams aid in the uniform distribution of the load from the building’s above-ground portion to its foundation.

"Pile foundations" (SNiP 2.02.03-85) and "Earth structures, foundations and foundations" (SNiP 3.02.01-87) govern the installation of clogging reinforced concrete piles and project development.

Scope

First and foremost, these kinds of supports are needed to lay foundations on clogging reinforced concrete stilts when constructing homes, apartments, and other types of buildings.

In addition, the clogging resident of the support is used in the construction of structures:

• engineering infrastructure (bridges, overpasses, etc.D.);
• for hydraulic purposes (piers, moorings, water intakes, etc.).d.);
• agricultural and industrial complex (hangars, workshops, warehouses, etc.).d.).

When reconstructing a completed pile field or its reinforcement, driven reinforced concrete piles measuring 300 by 300 mm and other sections can be utilized. Their installation aids in more evenly distributing the load on the foundation. When building roads and railroads, slopes and bulk material structures are reinforced with the use of circular cross-section piles.

Types and marking of precast reinforced concrete piles

Precast reinforced concrete piles are produced on a large scale in compliance with GOST 19804-2012 "Precast reinforced concrete piles." Businesses manufacture a variety of goods to be used in different circumstances.

Type "C", "SN" and "SC"

These are piles with a 150 x 150 mm square cross-section that do not have any cavities in them. The product’s maximum length is determined by the section’s size. Square-cross-section precast reinforced concrete piles are created by pouring concrete onto a frame, while at the supports:

• type "C" – the frame is made of non-stressed reinforcement with transverse reinforcement of the shaft;
• type "SN" – the frame with transverse reinforcement is made of prestressed reinforcement;
• type "SC" – a frame without transverse reinforcement has prestressed reinforcement in the center.

Components are used if you need to lower the supports to a deeper level. The SSV (top) and SSN (bottom) markings on composite reinforced concrete clogging piles indicate that metal components are embedded for docking and dependable fastening.

Clogging piles of this kind are most frequently found in squares of square crossing. They work on nearly all types of soils.

Type "joint venture"

These supports feature a round cavity in the rod and a square section. You can lighten the product’s weight with this design. Concrete of strength class B22.5 (M300) is used in the manufacturing process, and the frame is made of either strained or ordinary reinforcement (in the latter case, a literal "H" is added to the marking).

Types "SK" and "CO"

These supports have a circular cross section and can be made with an open or closed lower end. Ground piles are made simpler with leaf steel tips. Concrete is poured into reinforced spatial structures to create supports.

Piles "SK", with a diameter of 400 to 800 mm, are used in the same way as square-section supports. In addition to the usual ones, composite piles are produced, they are equipped with special locking elements made of sheet steel for fastening to each other.

Shells with thin walls and a maximum diameter of 1600 mm are called "SO" piles. Concrete is poured into the support’s interior cavity once it has been installed. The letter "U" is added when designating driven piles of reinforced concrete with a reinforced frame as "SO."

Type "SD"

These are column piles used in one- or two-story building construction. They feature a 200×200 or 300×300 mm solid square section and consoles that support the second-floor ceiling and roof or foundation beams.

Depending on the configuration, piles are labeled:

• "1SD" – double-console, for installation along the outer axes of the building;
• "2SD" – for installation along the central axes of the building.

Low bearing capacity soils are not appropriate for using column piles.

Selection criteria

The particulars of a given project are taken into consideration when choosing the kind, dimensions, and features of precast reinforced concrete piles. The following criteria need to be considered:

• strength of the reinforced concrete product (the higher the concrete grade, the stronger the pile);
• support compressive strength limit (depends on the frame type and concrete grade);
• frost resistance (F);
• water resistance (W);
• weight of the reinforced concrete pile.

Note: If the water-medium level in open water bodies varies, SP type piles should not be used in the permafrost soil layer that thaws seasonally.

Driven reinforced concrete piles are a cornerstone in foundation construction, offering strength and stability for various structures. These piles are manufactured from high-quality concrete reinforced with steel, providing exceptional load-bearing capacity and durability. They are driven into the ground using hydraulic hammers, ensuring a secure foundation even in challenging soil conditions. Their specifications, including length, diameter, and reinforcement details, are tailored to meet specific project requirements, making them a versatile choice for supporting buildings, bridges, and other heavy constructions.

Pros and cons of precast reinforced concrete piles

The following are some benefits of having reinforced concrete supports driven into the ground by driving:

• long service life – correctly selected piles that meet current standards can last 90 years or more if the installation technology is followed;
• high strength – reinforced supports can withstand the weight of building structures of multi-story buildings and operational loads;
• stability on problematic soils – the pile is in contact with the ground with almost the entire surface, which adds stability to it;
• wide range of applications – driven supports can be used on almost all types of soils, if the rocks have a high density or rocky inclusions, a leader well is first drilled.

A sequence of driven reinforced concrete piles have a number of drawbacks, including expensive product costs for both installation and transportation. It takes specialized equipment to install supports. The use of driven supports may not be profitable in regions with challenging terrain or where specialized equipment is difficult to use.

What is better, driven reinforced concrete piles or screw piles, is often decided by private developers. For the construction of standalone homes, cottages, and outbuildings, screw supports are appropriate. They can be installed internally, are less expensive, and are simpler to ship.

However, driven reinforced concrete piles measuring 150×150 mm or larger are better suited for capital construction on challenging soils. In comparison to screw supports, which are prone to corrosion, reinforced concrete supports can withstand loads up to ten times higher and have a longer service life.

Conclusion

Precast reinforced concrete piles made in accordance with GOST 19804-2012 are among the certified products that should only be used to ensure the dependability of the subterranean foundation.

You can choose a product from a large selection while keeping in mind the subsurface foundation’s operating conditions and construction specifications. Because of the high cost of the products themselves and the installation process, precast reinforced concrete piles are used relatively infrequently in private house construction.

For many building projects, driven reinforced concrete piles are a dependable and effective foundation option. They are a popular option for many different building types, from large commercial structures to residential homes, due to their capacity to support heavy loads and offer stability.

These piles are driven deep into the ground to reach a solid layer of rock or soil, providing strong support and lowering the possibility of settlement problems. This approach is especially helpful in places with difficult soil conditions where conventional foundations might not hold up.

The longevity of driven reinforced concrete piles is one of their main benefits. An enduring foundation that can withstand the effects of time and the environment is ensured by the reinforcement embedded in the concrete, which helps the materials withstand significant stress and pressure over time.

All things considered, driven reinforced concrete piles are a workable option for a variety of building requirements. Because of their strength, resilience, and dependability, builders and property owners can rest easy knowing that the structures built on them will continue to be safe and stable for many years to come.

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