Many construction projects use the extremely durable materials concrete and reinforced concrete. However, it can be difficult to break down these tough materials when it comes time to recycle building materials or demolish old structures. Crushers are used in this situation.
Shredders, another name for crushers, are devices made to break up concrete and reinforced concrete into smaller, easier-to-manage pieces. They are necessary for recycling concrete, which facilitates handling and allows for its reuse in new building projects. Using crushers encourages sustainable building techniques in addition to helping reduce waste.
There are numerous kinds of crushers available, each intended for particular materials and applications. Jaw crushers, impact crushers, and cone crushers are a few popular varieties. Large concrete chunks can be crushed in a primary crushing process with jaw crushers. Medium-sized pieces are frequently secondary crushed into finer material using impact crushers. Conversely, cone crushers are ideal for producing even smaller, more homogeneous pieces.
It is imperative for all individuals engaged in construction or demolition to comprehend the various varieties of crushers and their applications. Selecting the appropriate equipment can guarantee that materials are processed effectively and safely while also saving time and money. Effective use of crushers is essential whether you’re working on a big demolition project or just need to recycle some old concrete.
Topic | Description |
What is a crusher? | A machine that breaks down concrete and reinforced concrete into smaller pieces. |
Use of a shredder | Shredders help in recycling concrete by making it easier to handle and reuse. |
Types of equipment | Includes jaw crushers, cone crushers, and impact crushers, each with different functions and efficiency levels. |
- Crushing and recycling of concrete
- Types of crushers
- Hammer
- Jaw
- Cone
- Rotor
- Roller
- Solution for crushing foam concrete
- Video on the topic
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Crushing and recycling of concrete
Recycled reinforced concrete waste can be used to create crushed concrete, a secondary building material.
- cinder blocks;
- FBS blocks;
- cellular concrete;
- polystyrene concrete;
- expanded clay concrete waste;
- broken paving slabs.
In this case, a closer examination of the process’s characteristics is required.
Crushed concrete is made exclusively from old or destroyed columns, beams, reinforced concrete slabs, wall panels, trusses, and other load-bearing concrete components of building structures. Waste from washing concrete pumps and truck mixers, as well as defective products from reinforced concrete plants, are also processed.
- Delivery of secondary raw materials to the production site.
- Visual inspection and sorting of waste.
- The first stage of crushing secondary raw materials using a hydraulic hammer and scissors. With special equipment, reinforcement is additionally separated from reinforced concrete, which is then sent for recycling.
- The next stage is crushing concrete scrap, extracting foreign components. This procedure is automated and is performed on a special installation that independently crushes secondary raw materials and sorts them.
- Distribution of particles by grain size.
Not all construction firms have the capacity to turn waste reinforced concrete into secondary building materials.
This is only done by those who can afford to buy pricey crushing equipment. Consequently, these businesses are located in Moscow rather than any other part of the Russian Federation.
Types of crushers
Many production technologies specify the particle size of the materials to be used, particularly those in the construction industry and secondary raw material recycling.
Concrete, stone, wood, coal, plastic, rubber, and other raw materials can all be processed into the required fractions in large quantities with the help of an industrial crusher.
Every type of crusher for concrete and reinforced concrete has a grinder built into its design, the purpose of which is to crush the material being processed using different force impacts.
There are various types of crushing units, based on the class of size fractions that are produced after raw materials are processed.
- from 30 to 10 cm;
- from 10 to 2.5 cm;
- from 2.5 to 0.5 cm.
A wide variety of industrial plant models are able to separate construction waste into fractions of any size. The equipment is configured with the proper parameters in order to produce the required particle size at the output.
- stationary;
- mobile.
In production workshops, stationary units for crushing reinforced concrete are installed. Their purpose is to handle substantial amounts of unprocessed materials. On construction sites, mobile installations are used to process small amounts of construction waste right away in the areas where railway buildings are being destroyed. If needed, they can be easily relocated from one workstation to another.
Hammer
Debris from concrete without reinforcement and other metal components is processed using hammer crushers. They reduce building debris to dust. These devices have a rotary unit-like design.
Building materials are instantly crushed by multiple hammers hitting each other in succession while being hinged to a rotating rotor.
- the simple design of the unit allows for easy maintenance;
- low weight;
- high degree of crushing of construction waste, so secondary processing of raw materials is not required;
- low energy consumption.
- can only be used to process low-abrasive rocks;
- a large amount of dust is generated during operation;
- lack of additional devices that can prevent the failure of the installation due to the ingress of non-crushable elements into the raw materials;
- hammers wear out quickly with intensive use of the equipment.
Jaw
Large reinforced concrete chips are first processed in jaw crushers, which are then used to separate the metal inclusions. These are all-purpose crushers that can handle waste from construction projects of any composition and hardness.
The primary function of a jaw crusher is to crush raw materials by pressing them between two heavy plates. While the second moves while in use, the first is securely fastened to the base. One can adjust the spacing between the plates to vary from 5 mm to 1.5 m.
The unit’s plates wear unevenly, requiring frequent rearranging due to this drawback.
Cone
Jaw units and cone crushing units both function on a similar principle. The sole distinction is that a three-dimensional cone is utilized in this instance rather than flat plates. Because of its imbalance, the main working part impacts the raw material instead of squeezing it when it rotates and comes into contact with it.
When processing crushed stone, this instrument is the most dependable. To keep it in functional condition, not much money is needed.
Rotor
Raw materials are crushed to minimum size fractions by rotor-type crushing units, also known as shredders. Blowers, which are fixed to the equipment’s rotating shaft, use strong blows to split solid construction waste that is placed in a special drum. Pieces of the processed material hit the unit’s walls, which are lined, and bounce off, further destroying the linings.
- the presence of restrictions on the hardness of the raw material;
- it is not possible to regulate the sizes of fractions obtained after crushing.
The resultant material is further processed through screens to help further separate the fractions based on size after construction waste has been processed. Large businesses use these machines to re-grind their raw materials.
Roller
- for obtaining small fractions;
- for obtaining medium fractions.
The principle of crushing involves the falling of raw materials between rotating rollers that rotate in the same direction.
- toothed;
- smooth;
- embossed;
- with knives of different types.
Roller crushers are utilized in the processing of wood, rubber products, plastic waste, and other materials with average strength indicators in reinforced concrete.
Concrete and reinforced concrete crushers are vital equipment for reducing these difficult materials into smaller, more manageable chunks. They cut waste and save money by simplifying the recycling and reuse of concrete in construction. There are various kinds of crushers, such as impact, cone, and jaw crushers, each intended for a particular use and set of materials. Shredders are also essential because they reduce big concrete pieces into smaller pieces, which improves the efficiency of the recycling process. Selecting the appropriate equipment for your concrete recycling needs can be made easier by being aware of these tools and their applications.
Solution for crushing foam concrete
Heavy-duty foam concrete can be crushed with the RDI 2/620 industrial plant, which is very productive. In one pass, a 600 x 250 x 200 mm building block is divided into small and medium fractions, ranging from 0 to 4 cm. The building material can be used as crushed stone for foam concrete after processing.
The primary benefit of grinders is how inexpensive they are to operate and maintain. The unit’s consumable material is the disk. It ought to be replaced once a year if utilized appropriately. Additionally, the service life of the disk will be greatly extended if you use a T-590 electrode to weld the disk’s edges.
When handling concrete, particularly reinforced concrete, crushers and shredders are essential tools. They reduce bulky materials into smaller, easier-to-handle chunks. Recycling and reusing concrete in new construction projects requires this procedure.
For crushing concrete, a variety of equipment types are employed. Jaw crushers are excellent for breaking up big chunks at first. Cone crushers are ideal for producing finer materials because they reduce the size even further. Because impact crushers can handle rebar and other embedded materials, they work well with reinforced concrete.
The recycling process can be greatly streamlined by using a shredder. The efficient cutting of concrete and reinforcement by shredders facilitates the separation and processing of these materials. This promotes sustainability in building methods in addition to waste reduction.
In general, knowing the various kinds of crushers and their applications will assist you in selecting the appropriate machinery for your undertaking. The selection of an appropriate crusher can significantly impact productivity and outcome when working with either regular or reinforced concrete.