Ax concrete blocks: technically characteristics and dimensions, advantages and disadvantages, scope

Concrete blocks made of axes are a common, strong, and adaptable building material. They are appropriate for diverse applications due to their distinct technical features and range of sizes. It will be easier to select the appropriate kind of block for your project if you are aware of these features.

These blocks have a number of benefits, including great strength, fire resistance, and excellent thermal insulation. They are a well-liked option for both pros and do-it-yourselfers because they are also simple to work with. To make sure they are the best fit for your construction needs, it is crucial to be aware of their limitations.

Ax concrete blocks can be made to order to fulfill specific specifications, or they can be purchased in standard sizes. Their versatility enables their application in various projects, encompassing both residential and commercial edifices.

There is a wide range of applications for Ax concrete blocks. They are frequently employed in the construction of foundations, walls, and other structural components. Because of their durability and long-lasting performance, they are a dependable choice for a variety of construction projects.

Technical Characteristics and Dimensions	Advantages and Disadvantages	Scope
AX concrete blocks are known for their high density and strength. They typically measure 400x200x200 mm, making them ideal for robust construction.	Advantages include durability, excellent thermal insulation, and resistance to fire and pests. Disadvantages include being heavy and requiring specialized handling during installation.	Commonly used in building foundations, walls, and other load-bearing structures.

Composition and production technology

What goes into making gas concrete blocks?

• cement (brands M300, M400, M500);
• quartz sand (without impurities).

Together with these, the composition might also contain:

• ash;
• slag;
• lime;
• gypsum;
• industrial waste.

Aluminum paste or powder is applied to create gas. Mixing water and raw materials, they are poured into molds. Cavities form in the mixture and hydrogen is released when it interacts with alkali. The mass can be divided into blocks once it has solidified. The secondary hardening process then takes place.

There are two ways to make blocks:

• autoclaved;
• non-autoclaved.

They are treated with water vapor in an autoclave to give them strength, and they are subsequently dried completely in drying chambers. This is how autoclaved aerated concrete is made.

Constant features help to differentiate blocks. Autoclaved aerated concrete is produced in sizable factories, and the final goods are transported to building sites.

Because it is naturally dried and moistened during the production process, non-autoclaved concrete is less expensive.

The blowing agent consumption and blowing capacity utilization have an impact on the bulk density and porosity of aerated concrete. Strength is also influenced by size, structure, and porosity type.

Types of aerated concrete blocks

By function, the items are separated into:

• thermal insulation;
• structural and thermal insulation;
• structural;
• universal;
• special.

The highest level of thermal protection, D500, has a density of thermal insulation ranging from D250 to D500. As a result, this kind is utilized for building insulation or interior partitions.

They stand out for having good thermal conductivity and are utilized for load-bearing external and interior walls, ceilings, and interior partitions in structures no taller than three stories.

It is not necessary to use extra thermal insulation when using these kinds of blocks.

The products may differ in their geometric shape:

• rectangular are used for partitions and load-bearing walls;
• reinforced – for ceilings;
• T-shaped – for ceilings;
• U-shaped – for openings (door or window);
• arched.

Brick-like wall blocks with flat edges and hand grips are similar to this. When compared to partition blocks, they have higher sound insulation rates and typically have a density of D500.

The primary binder states that the following are the blocks:

• cement (50% cement);
• lime (with a high content of quicklime);
• slag (more than 50% are gypsum and slag);
• ash (high content of highly basic ash).

Technical characteristics

After the raw ingredients for aerated concrete blocks are combined, they are placed under high pressure in an autoclave where they foam and take on a porous structure. The brand determines the extent of the application.

Aerated concrete is differentiated based on its density:

• thermal insulation D300-500;
• structural and thermal insulation D500-900;
• structural D1000-1200.

Strength

The material, which is used to build load-bearing walls and partitions inside buildings, is lightweight but incredibly durable. The range of compression values is 1.5–3.5 kgf/m2.

Ease of processing

You can easily cut the product with basic tools to give the blocks the exact size and shape you want.

As a result, you can use the product profitably and with little loss. It is the easiest building material to work with.

Thermal insulation properties

The most common blocks used in house construction are D-500 and D-600 blocks because of their excellent thermal insulation and low thermal conductivity. This enables you to keep the room at a comfortable temperature. A dry block has a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.12 W/m°C.

Wintertime temperatures do not drop because of the strong thermal insulation. Coolness and freshness are preserved in the summer because the blocks prevent the temperature from rising because of their low thermal conductivity. The substance can be used to create the best possible living environment.

Soundproofing properties

Sanitary regulations state that the apartment’s sound level shouldn’t be higher than 52 dB. Brand blocks D 500 satisfy these requirements. For effective sound insulation, there is a layer of plaster on each side and a thickness of 15 cm.

Products are particularly well-liked for internal use, where soundproofing is crucial. Because of their porous structure, sounds are absorbed by blocks rather than reflected off of them.

The noise level drops as wall thickness increases. The estate blocks made inside the apartment have the power to completely silence the noise and produce a cozy atmosphere.

Nevertheless, using blocks that are 10 cm thick eliminates the need for extra soundproofing because there will be sufficient finished, processed plaster.

The capacity to absorb sound has an impact on:

• brand;
• density of aerated concrete solution;
• masonry technology;
• The thickness of the walls.

Fire resistance

Products that are non-combustible are the most fire resistant. Because aerated concrete doesn’t contain any flammable materials, buildings made of it are fireproof.

Even at the highest temperatures, the material’s properties remain intact. As a result, goods are frequently used in the construction of buildings that have a higher risk of fire (warehouses, boiler rooms, etc.).

Environmental friendliness of aerated concrete

Natural raw materials are used in the production of products, so no hazardous ingredients are present. The blocks are safe for the environment, don’t release any toxic fumes, and have background radiation indicators that are below allowable limits.

Every batch of products is tested (by measuring the background radiation level and other indicators that could be dangerous to humans) during the production process.

Since the products don’t release any harmful substances when used over an extended period of time, they’re a good choice for residential building construction.

Lightness

A standard block (625 x 100 x 250 mm) has a mass of 8 kg and an average density of 500 kg/m3. Buildings can be constructed more quickly and with less mortar when aerated concrete is used.

Resistance of aerated concrete to biological effects

Mold and fungi do not grow on aerated concrete blocks; instead, they need specific conditions to live comfortably.

• high humidity;
• temperature about +28°C.

Blocks are therefore utilized in the construction of spaces that have a lot of moisture, such as bathrooms, kitchens, swimming pools, etc. These signs suggest that aerated concrete is better than wood because it doesn’t require an antiseptic treatment before finishing.

Standard sizes of aerated concrete blocks

There are two shapes of blocks: rectangular and U-shaped.

Product dimensions for rectangles are as follows:

• 20 or 25 cm in height;
• 60 or 62.5 cm in length;
• 10-40 cm in width.

The most common products used in the construction of interior walls are those with a width of 10-15 cm. The thickness of load-bearing walls can range from 20 to 40 cm.

Measurements of the U-shaped blocks:

• 25 cm height;
• 60 or 60 cm length;
• 20-40 cm thickness.

Heat conductivity and strength have an impact on the dimensions; the potential to streamline the production process is also considered. The product’s width is regarded as a crucial factor. It also affects the properties of thermal insulation.

Ax concrete blocks are versatile building materials known for their strength and durability, making them ideal for a range of construction projects. They come in various sizes and technical specifications to suit different needs. These blocks offer several advantages, such as excellent thermal insulation and fire resistance, but they also have some drawbacks, like being heavy and challenging to cut. Understanding their characteristics, benefits, and limitations helps in selecting the right blocks for specific applications, ensuring efficient and effective use in construction projects.

Areas of use

Blocks of aerated concrete are a popular and useful material with a variety of uses. Buildings with no more than three stories can be constructed using it for residential, commercial, and industrial purposes. Characteristic: it isn’t appropriate for building multi-story structures (four stories and up).

Because of their operational features, blocks can be used to build homes even in harsh climates. Products that serve as structural, soundproof, and heat-insulating foundations are permitted.

The following sturdy and dependable walls (internal and external) can be built with block assistance:

• single;
• double;
• load-bearing;
• combined.

Because aerated concrete blocks are lightweight and do not place undue strain on existing walls or foundations, they are frequently used in the restoration of historic buildings.

Whether insulating high-rise or low-rise buildings, the material is appropriate for both heat and sound absorption (small-sized varieties are more often used).

Lintels, ceilings, and staircase steps can all be arranged well with aerated concrete. Cellular products are utilized to build basement walls and foundations.

Because of their durable technical qualities and adaptable dimensions, AX concrete blocks provide a useful solution for a variety of construction applications. These blocks are appropriate for a variety of construction projects because they offer a good mix between strength and longevity.

AX concrete blocks have a high load-bearing capacity and excellent thermal insulation qualities. Their resistance to pests and fire further enhances their appeal in both commercial and residential construction.

But it’s also critical to take the drawbacks into account. AX concrete blocks can be heavy, which makes handling and transportation more difficult. Furthermore, they might need specific tools for installation and cutting.

AX concrete blocks are a widely used option in the industry despite these disadvantages. Their versatility is unmatched; they can be used for walls, foundations, and even landscaping features. AX concrete blocks are a notable choice for dependable and effective building materials.

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